Volume 5, Issue 1 (2019)

Author(s): Michal PALČÁK, Pavol KUDELA

Abstract:
The issue of road accidents on the road network is a serious social problem. Transport is a complicated process in which the ever-increasing demand for transport quality can be identified. For this reason, it is the role of the responsible bodies to find ways and procedures to create a safe transport "ecosystem" for all road users. The basic indicator of road safety is the number of road accidents and their consequences. Road safety in the Slovak Republic is improving, but the number of deaths and injuries is still too high. The EU has adopted a "Zero vision" and a "Safe System Approach" to eliminate deaths and serious injuries on European roads. The Slovak Republic reaches the EU average in terms of the number of deaths per 1 million inhabitants. Also still remains behind the countries where road safety issues are comprehensively and long-term addressed. Collecting traffic accident data is important for developing and setting up meaningful strategies for road safety. Currently, there are problems with traffic accidents localization including their severity and consequences. More detailed processing of these statistical data seems to be beneficial in order to make this information available to a wider range of stakeholders in a user-friendly interface, for example in the form of an interactive accident model.

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Author(s): Pavol BUKOVAN

Abstract:
This article focuses on road transportation issues and environmental impact and mentions the different types of environmental pollution. Also, it points out the reason why the negative impact of road transport is continuously increasing. In relation to the environment, the traffic is the biggest source of greenhouse gasses and dust, posing health and safety risks to all being. The trend of increasing pollution is directly proportional to the increase of goods and human transportation needs. The increase in greenhouse gas emissions is an ecologic issue, mainly caused by individual car traffic.

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Author(s): Michal PALČÁK, Pavol KUDELA

Abstract:
This article focuses on the analysis of securing railway crossings in the Slovak Republic and its impact on the prevention and extent of the consequences of road accidents in road and rail vehicle clashes. The first part examines the correlation between economic and transport relations and statistical data on the development of traffic indicators in the EU. Furthermore, traffic accidents and the provision of railway crossings in the Slovak Republic are analyzed from a technical and legislative point of view. In the last part, the model example is used to calculate the impact of changing the interlocking safety equipment at the intersection of road and rail communications to traffic accidents in terms of socio-economic benefits.

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Author(s): Pavol KUDELA, Michal PALČÁK

Abstract:
Digitization, as one of the forms of object mapping, requires the proper definition of procedures where it always has to consider every single step and planned as accurate as possible. In scanning, it is necessary to take into account the environmental conditions and scanned object itself. In scanning, it is necessary to take into account the environmental conditions and scanned object itself. In the output, the scanning offers point clouds which capture real conditions. The points, that subject to the further process, poses essential information needed for subsequent work. The subject of this article is to describe the processing and mathematical procedures that exist in surface reconstruction. Also, the paper defines differences, in terms of the importance of input data, and the ability to process point clouds. This article points out the algorithms and rules that need to follow.

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Author(s): Pavol KUDELA, Michal PALČÁK

Abstract:
Currently, the progress of virtual reality is in a great boom. This form should not have only an educational character, but it must contribute to the opportunities to enhance the attractiveness of cultural heritage or to provide a basis for the future development of the automotive industry. Also, creating virtual environments for the gaming industry is another integral part of digitization, based on accuracy and photorealism. Each project focuses on obtaining the most accurate data from the scanner to capture all the details. One of the crucial tasks is optimisation and post-processing of data. Nowadays, it is possible to process data in much more available software, but it is necessary to understand the importance of selecting the way of data processing. This article describes a practical procedure for creating an object's mesh, based directly on the registered data. Each information did not have any correction, and data was loaded into the selected software environment. In the introduction of this article, the main issue was discussed and subsequently applied to the specific model. However, it should be considered, that it is not possible to understand this process as a default, but as a process which enables to approach the projects individually, to use the time efficiently, and with the correct settings of each function.

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Author(s): Pavol BUKOVAN

Abstract:
This article is focused on energy intensity in road transport. We wish to point out that today’s transport trends have been constantly increasing, mainly in the road transport of passengers - individuals. This will not decrease in the following decades; for this reason, the European Union member states have been trying to cope with energy intensity and the continually increasing rate of emissions by means of taking measures in the form of various conventions, agreements and regulations. By trying to ensure the increase of the environmental friendliness of combustion engines, they hope to contribute to the decrease of pollutants in the air and to a reduction of the carbon debt. At the same time, they are trying to proceed from fossil fuels to less energy-intensive forms of energy obtained from renewable sources. In this day and age, energy equations have been recalculated all over in combination with economic indicators. It is not easy to switch to a more costly and, at the same time, more ecological system. However, if we want to continue existing on this earth as a society for many more generations, we are compelled to start thinking about our future today. An electric car is, indubitably, a step forward for personal transport, but we also need to consider the resources used during its production and subsequent operation.

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Author(s): Daniel BEŇADIK

Abstract:
This article deals with the topic of important road transport factors, which undoubtedly include a subject of utmost importance nowadays - safety. Increasing emphasis is being placed on improving the quality of road traffic. The article also mentions the road maintenance which is in Slovakia provided by the Slovak Road Administration.

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Author(s): Daniel BEŇADIK

Abstract:
This article focuses on the development of intelligent transport systems from a historical perspective. It presents its main categories and application areas. The main feature of intelligent transport systems (also referred to as telematics) is the supply of services that include the activities of a road network administrator and operator, a transport service provider, carriers and a road transport participant. Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS) are one of the EU's priorities, as they aim at safer, greener and more efficient transport in the Member States.

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Author(s): Katarína ZÁBOVSKÁ, Boris BUČKO

Abstract:
Technology of virtual reality (VR) has received an enormous amount of publicity over the past few years. Along with this publicity has arisen a great deal of conflicting terminology and some unrealistic expectations. History shows that it was initially intended only for personal experiences. However, its development has proven that in some production areas it has become a key aspect that can have a significant positive impact on many industries. The paper describes the development of the first virtual reality devices, general knowledge of virtual reality, its definition and architecture. It also describes the data flow between the CAD and VR systems, which improves design and prototyping process while shortening the production cycle and reducing manufacturing costs.
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Author(s): Boris BUČKO, Katarína ZÁBOVSKÁ

Abstract:
The development of autonomous vehicles has been very progressive in the last few years. Autonomous driving technologies promise numerous improvements to vehicular traffic: an increase in both highway capacity and traffic flow because of faster response times, less fuel consumption and pollution thanks to more foresighted driving, and hopefully fewer accidents thanks to collision avoidance systems. In addition, drivers can save time for more useful activities. Despite many successful attempts and prototypes, autonomous transport is not deployed to the extent it is presented. This article describes basic principles of autonomous vehicles, used technologies but also ethical aspects in autonomous transportation.
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